Analisa Pengaruh Kerapatan Tanaman Terhadap Kinerja Constructed Wetland Pada Pengolahan Limbah Greywater Perumahan

Febrinasti Alia, Puteri Kusuma Wardhani, Rafly Nugraha Putra

Abstract


Abstrak

 

Constructed wetland atau lahan basah buatan adalah salah satu penerapan eko – drainase dengan tujuan memperbaiki kualitas air, kuantitas air, konservasi air, menciptakan keindahan, dan estetika. Kondisi awal limbah greywater perumahan pada lokasi penelitian memiliki kadar limbah yang masih jauh dari baku mutu yaitu, BOD sebesar 93 Mg/L, COD sebesar 990,5 Mg/L, TSS sebesar 93 Mg/L, suhu sebesar 28,9°C dan pH air sebesar 9,6. Penelitian ini menganalisa pengaruh kerapatan tanaman eceng gondok terhadap kinerja lahan basah buatan. Pada kerapatan tanaman 13 tanaman/m2, kadar polutan turun dengan baik, untuk kadar BOD yang awalnya 990 Mg/L turun menjadi 42,17 Mg/L, kemudian kadar COD yang awalnya 794,4 menjadi 114,1 Mg/L, lalu dilihat kandungan TSS yang awalnya 93 Mg/L menjadi 20 Mg/L, dan pH dari 9,6 menjadi 7,6.  Pada kerapatan 21 tanaman/m2, untuk kadar BOD yang awalnya 990 Mg/L turun menjadi 29,73 Mg/L, kemudian kadar COD yang awalnya 794,4 menjadi 98,4 Mg/L. Kandungan TSS yang awalnya 93 Mg/L menjadi 13,6 Mg/L, dan pH dari 9,6 menjadi 7,2. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa variasi kerapatan tanaman 13 individu/m2 menghasilkan efisiensi penurunan BOD, TSS, dan COD sebesar 94%, 79% dan 88%. Sedangkan variasi kerapatan tanaman 21 individu/m2 menghasilkan efisiensi penurunan BOD, TSS, dan COD sebesar 96%, 85% dan 90%.

 

Kata Kunci: ekodrainase, lahan basah buatan, eceng gondok, limbah greywater

 

 

Abstract

 

Constructed wetland or man-made wetland is one of eco-drainage applications, aiming to improve water quality, water quantity, water conservation, and for aesthetics purposes. The initial condition of greywater in the area of research does not meet the effluent standard, as such 93 Mg/L of BOD, 990,5 Mg/L of COD, 93 Mg/L of TSS, temperature of 28,9°C and pH of 9,6. This research analyze the effect of water hyacinth plant density on constructed wetland performance. At a plant density of 13 plants/m2, BOD levels which were initially 990 Mg/L decreased to 42,17 Mg/L, COD which was originally 794,4 to 114,1 Mg/L, then the TSS content was initially 93 Mg/L to 20 Mg/L, and pH from 9,6 to 7,6. For density 21 plants/m2, The initial BOD of 990 Mg/L dropped to 29,73 Mg/L, then the COD level which was originally 794,4 became 98,4 Mg/L. TSS content which was originally 93 Mg/L to 13,6 Mg/L, and pH from 9,6 to 7,2. Based on the results, plant density of 13 plant/m2 can reduce pollutant parameters up to 94% for BOD, 79% for TSS and 88% of COD while plant density of 21 plant/m2 can reduce pollutant parameters up to 96% for BOD, 85% for TSS and 90% of COD.

 

Keywords: eco-drainage, constructed wetland, water hyacinth, greywater


Keywords


eco-drainage, constructed wetland, water hyacinth, greywater

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/tj.v13i2.875

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