Studi Material Tanah Longsor Akibat Gempa Lombok 2018

Muhammad Nurjati Hidayat

Abstract


Abstrak

 

Pada umumnya, tanah longsor terjadi dengan skala yang kecil dan dampak yang dihasilkan tidak parah sebagaimana letusan gunung berapi, gempa atau tsunami. Namun, perhatian terhadap bencana ini seringkali diabaikan oleh masyarakat dan perencanaan pembangunan kota. Ada beberapa faktor yang perlu diperhatikan dalam meneliti tanah longor, salah satunya adalah mineral tanah. Dalam studi ini, sampel tanah diambil dari Lombok Utara akibat dari gempa Lombok 2018. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengelompokkan tanah berdasarkan USCS dan AASTHO, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis mineralogi menggunakan XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) dan SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). Berdasarkan klasifikasi USCS, tanah termasuk kategori pasir berlanau dan campuran lanau (SM); dan lempung anorganik dengan plastisitas rendah sampai sedang, lempung berkerikil, lempung berpasir, lempung berlanau, lempung kurus (lean clays). Pada klasifikasi AASHTOO, hasilnya adalah tanah berlanau (A-4); kerikil dan pasir yang berlanau atau berlempung (A-2-4); dan pasir halus (A-3). Berdasarkan hasil mineralogi menggunakan XRD dan SEM, material utama pada sampel tanah adalah Albite Calcian, Microline and Kuarsa.

 

Kata kunci: longsor, mineralogi, XRD, SEM

 

 

Abstract

 

Landslides generally occur on a small scale and the impact is not as severe as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, or tsunamis. However, attention to these disasters is often ignored by the community and city development planning. In assessing the factors causing landslides there are many factors that need to be considered, one of which is soil minerals. The samples of soil in this study were taken from North Lombok as a result of the 2018 earthquake. This research is conducted by classifying the soil based on USCS and AASHTO, then proceed with mineralogical analysis using XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). Based on USCS classification, the result of the analysis shows that soil samples have a classification of silty sand, and silt mixtures (SM); and inorganic clays or low to medium plasticity, gravelly clays, sandy clays, silty clays, lean clays (CL). For AASHTO classification, the result shows the sample belong to silty soil (A-4), silty or clayey gravel sand (A-2-4) and fine sand (A-3). Based on the results of mineralogical analysis using XRD and SEM, it is known that the dominant minerals making up the soil in the sample are Albite Calcian, Microline and Quartz

 

Keywords: landslide, mineralogy, XRD, SEM


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/tj.v10i2.330

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