Analisis Spasial Bahaya Curah Hujan Menggunakan Indikator Curah Hujan Ekstrem di DAS Air Bengkulu
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29103/tj.v16i2.1424Keywords:
Air Bengkulu Watershed, ETCCDI, IDW, PRCPTOT, Rx1dayAbstract
Abstrak
Curah hujan ekstrem merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab bencana hidrometeorologi di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Air Bengkulu. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik curah hujan ekstrem dan memetakan distribusi spasial bahaya curah hujan di DAS Air Bengkulu menggunakan data curah hujan harian dari empat stasiun periode 2007–2025. Analisis meliputi quality control, uji konsistensi menggunakan metode Rescaled Adjusted Partial Sums (RAPS), perhitungan indeks ETCCDI (Rx1day dan PRCPTOT), serta interpolasi Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW). Hasil menunjukkan seluruh data konsisten dan layak digunakan. Nilai Rx1day tertinggi sebesar 323,5 mm tercatat di Pos Hujan Batu Raja, sedangkan PRCPTOT tertinggi sebesar 4217,92 mm/tahun terdapat di Pos Hujan Bajak. Wilayah timur laut DAS Air Bengkulu memiliki tingkat bahaya curah hujan tertinggi. Validasi lapangan menunjukkan kesesuaian hasil pemetaan dengan kondisi aktual sehingga dapat mendukung mitigasi bencana hidrometeorologi dan pengelolaan DAS.
Kata kunci: DAS Air Bengkulu, ETCCDI, IDW, PRCPTOT, Rx1day
Abstract
Extreme rainfall is a major factor contributing to hydrometeorological disasters in the Air Bengkulu Watershed. This study analyzes extreme rainfall characteristics and maps the spatial distribution of rainfall hazard using daily rainfall data from four rainfall stations during 2007–2025. The analysis included quality control, data consistency testing using the Rescaled Adjusted Partial Sums (RAPS) method, calculation of the ETCCDI indices (Rx1day and PRCPTOT), and Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation. The results showed that all rainfall data were consistent and suitable for analysis. The highest Rx1day value was recorded at Batu Raja Rainfall Station (323.5 mm), while the highest PRCPTOT value occurred at Bajak Rainfall Station (4,217.92 mm/year). The northeastern part of the Air Bengkulu Watershed showed the highest rainfall hazard level. Field validation confirmed agreement between the hazard map and actual conditions, indicating that this approach supports hydrometeorological disaster mitigation and watershed management.
Keywords: Air Bengkulu Watershed, ETCCDI, IDW, PRCPTOT, Rx1day
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