Kombinasi Trash Trap dan Eceng Gondok untuk Mengurangi Sampah serta Menurunkan Kadar Biochemical Oxygen Demand di Saluran Pembuang yang Menuju Sungai Sebangau
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29103/tj.v16i2.1418Keywords:
trash trap, water hyacinth, phytoremediation, BOD, drainage channelAbstract
Abstrak
Pencemaran air di saluran pembuang menuju Sungai Sebangau disebabkan limbah cair dan sampah padat, menurunkan kualitas air. Penelitian ini menganalisis trash trap dan fitoremediasi eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) dalam mengurangi sampah dan kadar Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), melalui pengambilan sampel 15 hari pada tiga titik pengamatan. Trash trap menahan sampah rata-rata 2064,6 cm³ per hari, dengan BOD awal di hulu sebesar 82,45 mg/L. Fitoremediasi eceng gondok menurunkan BOD, optimal pada hari ke-3 sebesar 44,4%, namun meningkat pada hari ke-15 menjadi -51,3%. Tanaman mengalami kejenuhan ditandai dengan tanaman fitoremediasi berubah warna menjadi kuning dan layu sedangkan fluktuasi debit aliran dengan rentang 338.66 cm3/s sampai 1224.64 cm3/s. Debit tinggi membuat penyerapan zat pencemar kurang efektif (kadar BOD 43.1 mg/L diawal meningkat menjadi 65.2 mg/L), sedangkan debit rendah lebih efektif karena waktu tinggal air lebih lama (kadar BOD 67.3 mg/L diawal meningkat menjadi 37.4 mg/L). Sistem berpotensi menjadi metode penanganan limbah sederhana dan ramah lingkungan.
Kata kunci: Trash trap, eceng gondok, fitoremediasi, BOD, saluran pembuang
Abstract
Water pollution in the drainage channel leading to the Sebangau River is caused by liquid waste and solid trash, which degrade water quality. This study analyzes the effectiveness of a trash trap combined with water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) phytoremediation in reducing solid waste and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) levels, using 15 days of sampling at three observation points. The trash trap retained an average of 2064.6 cm³ of solid waste per day, with an initial upstream BOD of 82.45 mg/L. Water hyacinth phytoremediation reduced BOD optimally on day 3, achieving a 44.4% reduction, but effectiveness declined by day 15, reaching -51.3%, indicating plant saturation marked by yellowing and wilting of the phytoremediation plants. Flow discharge fluctuated between 338.66 cm³/s and 1224.64 cm³/s, which affected pollutant absorption. High discharge resulted in less effective absorption, with BOD levels rising from 43.1 mg/L to 65.2 mg/L, whereas low discharge was more effective due to longer water retention time, with BOD levels decreasing from 67.3 mg/L to 37.4 mg/L. These findings suggest that the trash trap–phytoremediation system has potential as a simple, low-cost, and environmentally friendly method for wastewater and solid waste management, provided that flow discharge fluctuations and plant saturation periods are properly managed.
Keywords: trash trap, water hyacinth, phytoremediation, BOD, drainage channel.
References
Aini, M., Pawana, Z. Z., Friandi, F. S., Kurniasaputra, M. Z., & Zain, A. F. S., 2023. Pembangunan Trash Trap Sebagai Pelindung Laut Dari Ancaman Sampah Plastik. Jurnal Abdi Insani, 10(2), 1157–1167. https://doi.org/10.29303/abdiinsani.v10i2.988
Akinbile, C. O., & Yusoff, M. S., 2012. Assessing water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassopes) and lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) effectiveness in aquaculture wastewater treatment. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 14(3), 201–211. https://doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2011.587482
Alia, F., Wardhani, P. K., & Putra, R. N., 2023. Analisa Pengaruh Kerapatan Tanaman Terhadap Kinerja Constructed Wetland Pada Pengolahan Limbah Greywater Perumahan. Teras Jurnal: Jurnal Teknik Sipil, 13(2), 414. https://doi.org/10.29103/tj.v13i2.875
Ashari, T. M., 2020. Proses pengolahan air limbah tahu dengan menggunakan kombinasi fitoremediasi dan koagulasi-flokulasi. Lingkar: Journal of Environmental Engineering, 1(1), 7–18. https://doi.org/10.22373/ljee.v1i1.846
Cahyani, W. R. N., Joko, T., & Dewanti, N. A. Y., 2021. The Effectiveness of Variations in Contact Time and Density of Water Hyacinth Plants in Reducing COD Level in Tofu Industrial Wastewater. Jurnal Presipitasi: Media Komunikasi Dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan, 18(3), 476–485. https://doi.org/10.14710/presipitasi.v18i3.476-485
Dewi, M. O., & Akbari, T., 2020. Pengolahan limbah cair tahu dengan metode fitoremediasi tanaman eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) pada industri tahu b kota Serang. Jurnal Lingkungan Dan Sumberdaya Alam, 3(1), 38–48. https://ejournal.lppm-unbaja.ac.id/index.php/jls/article/view/890
Falah, F., Yulius, E., Nuryati, S., Paryati, N., Prihesnanto, F., Darma, E., & Gunarti, A. S. S., 2025. Analisis Debit Aliran Sungai pada Kali Sadang Cibitung Kabupaten Bekasi. Jurnal Kridatama Sains Dan Teknologi, 7(01), 341–354. https://jurnal.umnu.ac.id/index.php/kst/article/view/1599
George Tchobanoglous, H. David Stensel, Ryujiro Tsuchihashi, Franklin Burton, Mohammad Abu-Orf, Gregory Bowden, & William Pfrang., 2014. Wastewater Engineering - Metcalf and Eddy - Treatment and Resource Recovery.
Harwani, N. P., Rahman, S. F., & Diapati, S. M., 2021. Kualitas Limbah Cair Industri Tahu Berdasarkan Parameter BOD, pH, COD dan TSS di Kelurahan Bara-Baraya Timur Kota Makassar. Lontara Journal of Health Science and Technology, 2(2), 89–95. https://doi.org/10.53861/lontarariset.v2i2
Hassan, I., Chowdhury, S. R., Prihartato, P. K., & Razzak, S. A., 2021. Wastewater treatment using constructed wetland: Current trends and future potential. Processes, 9(11), 1917. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9111917
Karouach, F., Ben Bakrim, W., Ezzariai, A., Sobeh, M., Kibret, M., Yasri, A., Hafidi, M., & Kouisni, L., 2022. A comprehensive evaluation of the existing approaches for controlling and managing the proliferation of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). Frontiers in Environmental Science, 9, 767871. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.767871
Kataki, S., Chatterjee, S., Vairale, M. G., Dwivedi, S. K., & Gupta, D. K., 2021. Constructed wetland, an eco-technology for wastewater treatment: A review on types of wastewater treated and components of the technology (macrophyte, biolfilm and substrate). Journal of Environmental Management, 283, 111986. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.111986
Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan, 2022. Status Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia Tahun 2022. Jakarta: KLHK.
Khan, A. U., Khan, A. N., Waris, A., Ilyas, M., & Zamel, D., 2022. Phytoremediation of pollutants from wastewater: A concise review. Open Life Sciences, 17(1), 488–496. https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0056
Khellaf, N., Djelal, H., & Amrane, A., 2022. An Overview of the Valorization of Aquatic Plants in Effluent Depuration through Phytoremediation Processes. Applied Microbiology, 2(2), 309–318. https://doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol2020023
Koul, B., Yadav, D., Singh, S., Kumar, M., & Song, M., 2022. Insights into the Domestic Wastewater Treatment ( DWWT ) Regimes : A Review. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14213542
Laia, M., 2025. Kontribusi Enceng Gondok (Eichhornia Crassipes) Terhadap Kualitas Air Dalam Sistem Akuakultur Berbasis Fitoremediasi. Jurnal Perikanan Dan Kelautan, 2(1), 187–193. https://doi.org/10.70134/peraut.v1i1.694
Monroy-Licht, A., Carranza-Lopez, L., De la Parra-Guerra, A. C., & Acevedo-Barrios, R., 2024. Unlocking the potential of Eichhornia crassipes for wastewater treatment: phytoremediation of aquatic pollutants, a strategy for advancing Sustainable Development Goal-06 clean water. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 31(31), 43561–43582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-33698-9
Na-Ayuthaya, W. P., Wongsontam, K., Sangvichien, N., & Khaenamkaew, P., 2022. Ultrashort Hydraulic Retention Time of Aeration and Nonaeration Constructed Wetlands for a Large Volume of Primary‐Treated Wastewater from a Medical Rubber Glove Factory. International Journal of Ecology, 2022(1), 2407435. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2407435
Oktorina, A. N., Achmad, Z., & Mary, S., 2019. Phytoremediation of tofu wastewater using Eichhornia crassipes. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1341(5), 52009. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1341/5/052009
Pagoray, H., Sulistyawati, S., & Fitriyani, F., 2021. Limbah cair industri tahu dan dampaknya terhadap kualitas air dan biota perairan. Jurnal Pertanian Terpadu, 9(1), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.36084/jpt..v9i1.312
Polińska, W., Kotowska, U., Kiejza, D., & Karpińska, J., 2021. Insights into the use of phytoremediation processes for the removal of organic micropollutants from water and wastewater; a review. Water, 13(15), 2065. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-023-01898-2
Salim, J., Yupi, H. M., & Nindito, D. A., 2026. Trash Trap Yang Terintegrasi Dengan Teknik Fitoremediasi Untuk Pengendalian Pencemaran Air Di Saluran Drainase. Jukung (Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan), 12(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jukung.v12i1.25778
Singh, H., & Pant, G., 2023. Phytoremediation : Low input ‑ based ecological approach for sustainable environment. Applied Water Science, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-023-01898-2
Wu, H., Wang, R., Yan, P., Wu, S., Chen, Z., Zhao, Y., Cheng, C., Hu, Z., Zhuang, L., & Guo, Z., 2023. Constructed wetlands for pollution control. Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, 4(4), 218–234. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-023-00395-z
Xu, J., Li, X., & Gao, T., 2022. The Multifaceted Function of Water Hyacinth in Maintaining Environmental Sustainability and the Underlying Mechanisms: A Mini Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(24). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416725
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Copyright (c) Wingga Pratama, Haiki Mart Yupi, Allan Restu Jaya
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant Teras Jurnal the right of first publication. Articles are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0). Authors may distribute the published version with acknowledgment of its first publication in Teras Jurnal.
