Pengaruh Kedalaman Penetrasi dan Konsistensi Tanah Terhadap Kestabilan Dinding Sheet Pile Kantilever
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29103/tj.v16i2.1368Keywords:
sheet pile wall, D/H ratio, safety factor, lateral deflection, bending moment.Abstract
Abstrak
Kinerja dinding sheet pile kantilever sangat dipengaruhi oleh konsistensi tanah. Studi ini mengevaluasi kinerja dinding sheet pile kantilever dengan memfokuskan analisis pada pengaruh rasio kedalaman penetrasi terhadap kedalaman galian (D/H) dan variasi konsistensi tanah. Menggunakan pemodelan numerik berbasis metode elemen hingga (FEM) dengan Hardening Soil Model, penelitian ini mensimulasikan respons struktur pada empat jenis tanah homogen, yaitu lempung lunak, lempung kaku, pasir lepas, dan pasir padat sedang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan rasio D/H meningkatkan nilai SF secara linear, sedangkan reduksi defleksi dan momen lentur bersifat nonlinier (hiperbolik). Secara kuantitatif, pada galian terdalam (H = 12 m), stiff clay menunjukkan stabilitas tertinggi dengan SF 1,024 sedangkan medium dense sand dengan SF 1,005. Temuan krusial menunjukkan bahwa soft clay hanya mampu menahan galian maksimum hingga 4 m (SF = 1,01), sementara loose sand mencapai batas kritis pada kedalaman 9 m. Analisis deformasi mengidentifikasi adanya zona sensitif, yaitu rentang rasio D/H di mana penambahan penetrasi memberikan reduksi defleksi paling signifikan. Zona ini berada pada rasio D/H 1,5–4,0 untuk tanah lempung kaku dan pasir, serta bergeser ke rasio yang lebih tinggi, yaitu 6,5–9,0, untuk lempung lunak. Penambahan penetrasi di luar rentang tersebut terbukti tidak efektif secara marginal dalam meningkatkan stabilitas karena dinding telah mencapai kondisi yang stabil. Pada tanah lempung lunak penggunaan perkuatan tambahan, seperti angkur, sangat direkomendasikan guna memitigasi risiko kegagalan basal heave.
Kata kunci: dinding sheet pile, rasio D/H, faktor keamanan, defleksi lateral, momen lentur.
Abstract
The performance of cantilever sheet pile walls is significantly influenced by soil consistency. This study evaluates the performance of cantilever sheet pile walls, focusing the analysis on the effects of the penetration depth-to-excavation depth ratio (D/H) and variations in soil consistency. Utilizing numerical modeling based on the finite element method (FEM) with the hardening soil model, this research simulates the structural response across four types of homogenous soils: soft clay, stiff clay, loose sand, and medium-dense sand. The results indicate that increasing the D/H ratio linearly improves the safety factor (SF), whereas the reductions in deflection and bending moment exhibit non-linear (hyperbolic) behavior. Quantitatively, at the deepest excavation (H = 12 m), stiff clay shows the highest stability with an SF of 1.024, while medium dense sand has an SF of 1.005. Crucial findings reveal that soft clay can only sustain a maximum excavation depth of up to 4 m (SF = 1.01), while loose sand reaches its critical limit at a depth of 9 m. Deformation analysis identifies a sensitive zone, defined as the D/H ratio range where further penetration yields the most significant reduction in deflection. This zone spans a D/H ratio of 1.5–4.0 for stiff clay and sandy soils, shifting to a higher range of 6.5–9.0 for soft clay. Penetration beyond this range provides negligible marginal benefits in enhancing stability because the wall has already reached a stable condition. For soft clay soils, the implementation of additional reinforcement, such as anchors, is highly recommended to mitigate the risk of basal heave failure.
Keywords: sheet pile wall, D/H ratio, safety factor, lateral deflection, bending moment.
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