Evaluasi Kerentanan Bangunan Berdasarkan Metode Floor Spectral Ratio (FSR) dari Perekaman Data Mikrotremor
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29103/tj.v15i2.1277Keywords:
Mikrotremor, FSR, HVSR, Frekuensi, Indeks Resonansi, Indeks KerentananAbstract
Abstrak
Yogyakarta merupakan daerah yang terletak di dekat pertemuan lempeng Eurasia dan Indo-Australia, sehingga berpotensi tinggi terhadap aktivitas tektonik yang dapat memicu gelombang seismik di permukaan tanah. Gelombang ini dapat membahayakan kestabilan bangunan yang ada di atasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat kerentanan struktur bangunan terhadap gempa bumi melalui analisis data mikrotremor yang merekam getaran alami bangunan. Studi dilakukan pada gedung Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Universitas Islam Indonesia, dengan 46 titik perekaman di dalam bangunan dan 2 titik referensi di tanah. Data mikrotremor diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak Geopsy untuk memperoleh nilai frekuensi dominan dan amplitudo. Metode Floor Spectral Ratio (FSR) digunakan untuk menganalisis bangunan, sedangkan metode Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) untuk analisis tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa bagian bangunan memiliki frekuensi natural yang mendekati frekuensi tanah, meningkatkan potensi resonansi. Nilai indeks resonansi tergolong sedang hingga tinggi, sementara indeks kerentanan secara umum menunjukkan bahwa gedung berada pada tingkat risiko kerusakan yang rendah terhadap getaran gempa.
Kata kunci: Mikrotremor, FSR, HVSR, Frekuensi, Indeks Resonansi, Indeks Kerentanan
Abstract
Yogyakarta is located near the convergence of the Eurasian and Indo-Australian plates, making it highly vulnerable to tectonic activity that can generate seismic waves on the ground surface. These waves pose a threat to the stability of buildings. This study aims to assess the vulnerability level of building structures to earthquakes by analyzing microtremor data that records the building's natural vibrations. The research was conducted on the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning building at Universitas Islam Indonesia, using 46 recording points inside the building and 2 reference points on the ground. Microtremor data were processed using Geopsy software to obtain dominant frequency and amplitude values. The Floor Spectral Ratio (FSR) method was used for building analysis, while the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method was applied for ground analysis. The results show that several parts of the building have natural frequencies close to the ground frequency, increasing the potential for resonance. The resonance index values range from moderate to high, while the overall vulnerability index indicates a low risk of structural damage due to seismic vibrations.
Keywords: Microtremor, FSR, HVSR, Frequency, Resonance Index, Vulnerability Index
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