HUBUNGAN KAUSAL ANTARA VARIABEL SOSIAL-EKONOMI, PERILAKU PERJALANAN TERHADAP LATEN DETERMINAN AKSEPTASI PUBLIK: STUDI KASUS PADA KORIDOR I TRANS KOETARADJA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29103/tj.v9i1.166Abstract
Abstrak
Transportasi merupakan salah satu sektor yang mengalami kemerosotan seiring dengan laju pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat. Kemampuan masyarakat membeli kendaraan pribadi menjadi penyebab ketergantungan pada moda transportasi pribadi di Banda Aceh. Keterbatasan prasarana jalan dan tingginya permintaan perjalanan menyebabkan kemacetan dan naiknya angka kecelakaan. Strategi handal yang telah berhasil meminimalkan dampak negatif kemacetan adalah perpindahan dari moda transportasi pribadi ke moda umum. Langkah ini telah ditempuh di Jakarta dan dipromosikan/diterapkan di kota-kota lain di Indonesia, termasuk Banda Aceh yaitu Trans Koetaradja (TK). Untuk memastikan kebijakan ini tepat sasaran bagi pengguna/masyarakat maka kajian dari bawah (harapan masyarakat) perlu dilakukan guna menangkap dan merumuskan informasi-informasi penting dari para pengguna Trans Koetaradja. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji persepsi masyarakat terhadap kebijakan TKdengan studi kasus pada koridor 1 (Pusat Kota - Darussalam). Metode pengambilan data yang digunakan adalah Stated Preference (SP) dengan jumlah 150 responden secara acak bertingkat (stratified random sampling). Kuesioner SP berisikan informasi tentang sosial-ekonomi, perilaku perjalanan, dan persepsi responden. Pemodelan yang digunakan adalah Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) yang parameter regresinya dikalibrasi menggunakan software Lisrel 9.2.Hasil model empiris menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan kausal yang signifikan antara variabel sosial-ekonomi, perilaku perjalanan terhadap laten determinan akseptasi publik kebijakan TK. Hasil menyimpulkan bahwa variabel laten sangat signifikan menentukan penerimaan kebijakan TK.
Kata kunci: Trans Koetaradja, Persepsi, Indikator, Laten Variabel, MIMIC, Akseptasi
Abstract
Transportation is one of the deteriorating sectors along with the economic growth in the society. The ability of people to purchase private vehicles is a major caused of private mode-dependency in Banda Aceh. The limitations of road infrastructure and the increasing demand to travel caused traffic congestion and increasing in the number of accidents. A well recognized policy that has succeeded in mitigating the negative impact of traffic congestion is shifting their means of transport from the private mode to the public transportation. This step has been taken in Jakarta and promoted and implemented in other cities in Indonesia, including Banda Aceh, namely Trans Koetaradja (TK). To ensure that this policy is effective for the public, a bottom up study is needed in order to capture and formulate important information from TK users. Therefore, this study aims to examine public perceptions in terms of public acceptance toward TK policy, and taken corridor 1 (City Center - Darussalam) as a case study. The data collection method used is the Stated Preference (SP) with a number of 150 respondents collected by using stratified random sampling. The SPquestionnaire contains information about socio-economics, travel behavior, and perceptions of respondents. The modeling used is the Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) whose regression parameters are calibrated using Lisrel 9.2 software. The results of the empirical model show that there is a significant causal relationship among socio-economic variables, travel behavior and the latent determinants of public acceptability towards TK policy. The results conclude that latent determinants are crucially significant in determining the acceptance of TK policy.
Keywords: Trans Koetaradja, Perception, Indicators, Latent Variables, MIMIC, Acceptability
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